Endangered
Giant oceanic manta ray
Mobula birostris
Giant oceanic manta ray is an eagle ray in the family Myliobatidae (order Myliobatiformes) — Mobula birostris, recorded as Endangered.
Appearance
The giant oceanic manta ray can grow up to 9 m (30 ft) in length and a disc size of 7 m (23 ft) across, with a weight around 3,000 kg (6,600 lb), but the typical size is 4.5 m (15 ft). The eyes and the spiracles are on the side of the head behind the cephalic fins, and the gill slits are on the ventral (under) surface. It has a small dorsal fin, and the tail is long and whip-like.
Range and habitat
The giant oceanic manta ray has a widespread distribution in tropical and temperate waters worldwide. In the Southern Hemisphere, it occurs as far south as Peru, Uruguay, South Africa, and New Zealand. It is an ocean-going species and spends most of its life far from land, travelling with the currents and migrating to areas where upwellings of nutrient-rich water increase the availability of zooplankton.
Pins are Wikidata “endemic to” fields. Orange dots, when present, are GBIF occurrence tiles — survey bias included.
Diet and breeding
Males become sexually mature when their disc width is about 4 m (13 ft), while females need to be about 5 m (16 ft) wide to breed. At first, they are enclosed in an egg case and the developing embryos feed on the yolk.
After the egg hatches, the pup remains in the oviduct and receives nourishment from a milky secretion.
In crisis
CITES lists this taxon on Appendix II. Confirm the current appendix on the CITES checklist.
Giant oceanic manta ray is Endangered on this catalog because that is the IUCN category stored on Wikidata. Confirm the official criteria and any later count on iucnredlist.org.
Sources
Written for this catalog from the English Wikipedia article on Giant oceanic manta ray, Wikidata item Q321976. Family and order context is original field-guide writing about the group, not a copied assessment of this one species. Wikipedia text is CC BY-SA. Not an IUCN assessment. Counts, when quoted, can change — confirm them on the recovery programme and on iucnredlist.org.



